Zvigadzirwa zvedu zvikuru: Amino silicone, block silicone, hydrophilic silicone, ese emulsion yavo yesilicone, wetting rubbing fastness improver, repellent yemvura (Fluorine yemahara, Carbon 6, Carbon 8), demin washing chemicals (ABS, Enzyme, Spandex protector, Manganese remover) , zvimwe zvakawanda tapota taura : Mandy 196186 (Whatsapp )

Kubva pavakapinda mukugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri muma1940, ma surfactants akashandiswa zvakanyanya uye anorumbidzwa se "MSG yeindasitiri." Surfactant mamorekuru ane amphiphilic hunhu, achivagonesa kuungana panzvimbo mune aqueous mhinduro, zvakanyanya kushandura zvigadziriso. Zvichienderana nereshiyo ye hydrophilic kune hydrophobic segment uye mamorekuru chimiro, ma surfactants anoratidza akasiyana zvivakwa. Vane huwandu hwemaitiro e physicochemical, kusanganisira kupararira, kunyorova kana kurwisa-kunamatira, emulsification kana demulsification, kupupa kana kuburitsa furo, solubilization, kugeza, kuchengetedza, uye antistatic mhedzisiro. Izvi zvakakosha zvimiro zvakakosha pakudhaya uye kugadzira machira. Huwandu hunoratidza kuti anopfuura zviuru zvitatu emhando dzemasurfactants anoshandiswa muindasitiri yemachira, iyo yakakosha mukati memaitiro ekugadzira, kusanganisira kukwenenzvera fiber, kuruka, kuruka, kudhaya, kudhinda, uye kupedza. Basa ravo nderekuwedzera kunaka kwemachira, kuvandudza mashandiro eshinda, uye kupfupisa nguva dzekugadzira; saka, ma surfactants anobatsira zvakanyanya kuindasitiri yemachira.

 

1. Zvikumbiro zveMasurfactants muIndasitiri yeMachira

 

1.1 Washing Process

Mukuwacha maitiro ekugadzira machira, zvakakosha kuti utarise kwete chete maitiro ekugeza asiwo kupfava kwejira uye zvinogona kupera. Naizvozvo, kuvandudzwa kwezvitsva zvema surfactants izvo zvinopa kunaka kwekuchenesa kushanda uku uchichengetedza kupfava uye kugadzikana kwemavara ejira rave chinhu chakakosha chekutsvaga surfactant nhasi. Nekuwedzera kwekuziva nezvekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye zvipingamupinyi zvakaomesesa zvepasirese certification yezvakatipoteredza zvinotarisana nekutengesa machira kunze kwenyika, kugadzira michina inoshanda, inoshatisa yakaderera, uye inoparadza zviri nyore biodegradable yave nyaya yekukurumidzira muindasitiri yemachira.

1.2 Kugadzira Dhayi

Masurfactants anoshanda akasiyana siyana, achishanda ese seanoparadzira dhayi uye seaya anoyera mukudhaya. Parizvino, anionic surfactants anonyanya kushandiswa seanoparadzira, kusanganisira naphthalene sulfonate-formaldehyde condensates uye lignin sulfonates. Nonionic surfactants senge nonylphenol ethoxylates anowanzo kusanganiswa nemamwe marudzi eva surfactants. Cationic uye zwitterionic surfactants vane zvimwe zvinogumira mukushandisa. Sematekinoroji matsva ekudhaya, senge microwave dhayi, furo dhayi, kudhinda kwedhijitari, uye supercritical fluid dhayi, yakakura, zvinodikanwa zvevamiririri vekuenzanisa uye vanoparadzira zvave kudiwa zvakanyanya.

1.3 Kupfava Agents

Asati adhaya uye apedza, machira anowanzo itwa pretreatment senge scouring uye bleaching, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kushata kweruoko. Kuti upe ruoko runogara kwenguva refu, rwakatsetseka, uye rwakapfava, zvinhu zvinopfavisa—zvizhinji zvacho zvinogadzirwa—zvinodiwa. Anionic softening agents vave vachishandiswa kwenguva yakareba asi vanotarisana nematambudziko mukushambadza nekuda kwekushaja kwakashata pamafiber ari mumvura, zvichikonzera kusasimba kwekunyorova. Mamwe marudzi akakodzera kushandiswa mumafuta emachira sezvinhu zvinopfavisa, zvinosanganisira sulfosuccinate uye sulfated castor mafuta.

Nonionic softening agents inogadzira ruoko runonzwa rwakafanana neanionic pasina kukonzera ruvara rwedhayi; anogona kushandiswa neanionic kana cationic softening agents asi ane hurombo faibha adsorption uye kushoma durability. Iwo anonyanya kuisirwa mushure mekupera kwecellulosic fiber uye seanopfavisa uye anotsvedzerera zvikamu muzvakagadzirwa fiber oiri agents. Makirasi akadai se pentaerythritol fatty acid esters uye sorbitan fatty acid esters akakosha, zvakanyanya kuderedza coefficient of friction ye cellulosic uye synthetic fibers.

Cationic surfactants inoratidza kusungirirwa kwakasimba nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana, inodzivirira kupisa uye inomira kugezeswa, ichipa ruoko rwakapfuma uye rwakapfava kunzwa. Vanopawo antistatic properties uye yakanaka antibacterial madhara, zvichiita kuti ive yakakosha uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kunyorovesa vamiririri. Ruzhinji rwe cationic surfactants nitrogen-ine makomisheni, anowanzo kusanganisira quarternary ammonium munyu. Pakati pawo, dihydroxyethyl quaternary ammonium compounds inomira pachena nekuda kwekuita kwayo kunyorovesa, ichiwana mibairo yakanaka nekungoshandisa 0.1% kusvika 0.2%, mukuwedzera kune wetting uye antistatic mabasa, kunyangwe iwo akakura uye achiunza biodegradation matambudziko. Chizvarwa chitsva chezvigadzirwa zvakasvibirira kazhinji zvine ma surfactants ane ester, amide, kana hydroxyl mapoka ayo ari nyore kupedzwa nema microorganisms kuita mafuta acids, nekudaro kuderedza kukanganiswa kwezvakatipoteredza.

1.4 Antistatic Agents

Kubvisa kana kudzivirira static magetsi anogadzirwa panguva dzakasiyana dzemachira maitiro uye mukupedzisa machira maitiro, antistatic agents anodiwa. Basa ravo rekutanga nderekupa kuchengetedza hunyoro uye ionic zvimiro kune faibha pamusoro, kuderedza insulating zvivakwa uye kuwedzera conductivity kuderedza machaji uye kubvisa kana kudzivirira static magetsi. Pakati pema surfactants, anionic antistatic agents ndiwo akasiyana-siyana. Sulfated oils, fatty acids, uye high-carbon fatty alcohols zvinogona kupa antistatic, softening, lubrication, and emulsifying properties. Alkyl sulfates, kunyanya ammonium munyu uye ethanolamine munyu, ane yakakwirira antistatic efficacy.

Uyezve, alkylphenol ethoxylate sulfates inomira pakati peanionic antistatic agents nokuda kwekuita kwavo kwepamusoro. Kazhinji, cationic surfactants haingori inoshanda antistatic agents asiwo inopa yakanakisa lubricating zvivakwa uye fiber adhesion. Zvipingamupinyi zvavo zvinosanganisira zvingangoita dhayi kubuda ruvara, kuderera kusimba, kusawirirana neanionic surfactants, simbi corrosion, yakanyanya muchetura, uye kushatirwa kweganda, kudzikisira mashandisiro adzo kunyanya kupedzisa machira kwete maajenti emafuta. Cationic surfactants inoshandiswa se antistatic agents inonyanya kusanganisira quaternary ammonium compounds uye fatty acid amides. Zwitterionic surfactants, senge betaines, inopa yakanaka antistatic mhedzisiro uye lubrication, emulsifying, uye kuparadzira zvivakwa.

Nonionic surfactants inoratidza kuchengetedzwa kwakasimba kwemwando uye yakakodzera kune yakaderera humidity mamiriro e fiber. Izvo kazhinji hazvikanganisi kuita kwedhayi uye zvinogona kugadzirisa viscosity pamusoro pehupamhi, zvichiratidza kuderera kwehuturu uye kushoma kweganda kushatirwa, izvo zvinofambisa kushandiswa kwavo kwakakura sezvikamu zvakakosha mumafuta ekugadzira-kunyanya fatty alcohol ethoxylates uye fatty acid polyethylene glycol esters.

1.5 Penetrants uye Wetting Agents

Penent uye wetting agents ndezvinowedzera zvinokurudzira kukurumidza kunyorova kwefiber kana machira epamusoro nemvura uye kufambisa kupinda kwezvinwiwa mufiber chimiro. Masurfactants anotendera kuti zvinwiwa zvipinde kana kumhanyisa kupinda kwemvura muporous solids anonzi mapinda. Kupinza kunoenderana nekunyorova kwakakwana kwekutanga kuitika. Kunyorova (Wetting) zvinoreva mwero wekupararira kwemvura pamusoro penzvimbo yakaoma kana yasangana. Naizvozvo, vanopinda uye vanonyorovesa vamiririri vanoshandiswa kwete chete mu pre-kurapa maitiro senge deizing, kufashaira, mercerizing, uye bleaching asiwo zvakanyanya mukudhinda nekupedzisa maitiro.

Maitiro anodiwa evanopinda mukati uye wetting agents anosanganisira: 1) kupikisa mvura yakaoma uye alkali; 2) simba rekupinza rakasimba kupfupisa nguva yekugadzirisa; 3) kuvandudzwa kwakakosha kwecapillarity yemachira akabatwa. Cationic surfactants haikodzeri seanonyorova maajenti nekuti anogona adsorb pamafibhi uye kutadzisa kunyorova. Zwitterionic surfactants ine zvimwe zvipimo mukushandisa. Nekudaro, iwo ma surfactants anoshandiswa sevanopinda uye ekunyorova maajenti anonyanya kusanganisira anionic uye nonionic surfactants. Pamusoro pezvo, ma surfactants muindasitiri yemachira anoshandiswawo seanonatsa, emulsifiers, foaming agents, smoothing agents, fixing agents, uye zvinodzinga mvura.

Alkyl polyglucoside (APG) ndeye bio-surfactant yakagadzirwa kubva kumafuta echisikigo doro uye glucose inotorwa kubva kune zvinogonekazve zviwanikwa. Irwo rudzi rutsva rwenonionic surfactant ine mashandiro akazara, kubatanidza zvivakwa zveese akajairwa nonionic uye anionic surfactants. Iyo inozivikanwa pasi rese seyakasarudzika "girinhi" inoshanda surfactant, inoratidzwa nepamusoro pekuita basa, yakanaka kuchengetedza ecological, uye kunyungudika.